与术后神经认知障碍相关的大脑结构和功能变化:研究更新
Huimin Wu1,2, Yaseen Ahammed3, Shouyuan Tian1
1From the Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
Anesthesia and analgesia
|February 19, 2025
概括
手术后的神经认知障碍 (PND) 在手术后的老年患者中很常见. 本综述探讨了PND风险因素,机制以及使用大脑监测技术来改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
背景情况:
- 手术后神经认知障碍 (PND) 是老年患者的重大并发症,增加了发病率,死亡率和医疗费用.
- 后发性疾病的确切原因尚不清楚,但包括手术压力和导致神经炎症的炎症等因素.
- 老年人的外科神经监测可以提供对大脑功能的见解,并帮助早期干预.
研究的目的:
- 审查已知的风险因素和可能导致PND的潜在机制.
- 讨论使用各种神经成像技术在术后期间监测老年患者的初步证据.
主要方法:
- 文献综述总结了目前对PND病变发生的理解.
- 讨论神经成像模式,包括脑电图 (EEG),功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS),功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 和正子发射断层扫描 (PET).
主要成果:
- 经期性发作与全身炎症,神经炎症和随后的大脑变化有关.
- 几种监测技术显示出在外科手术前阶段评估中枢神经系统状态的潜力.
- 通过监测及早识别风险可能会改善患者的安全性和预后.
结论:
- 了解PND风险因素和机制对于制定有效的预防和治疗策略至关重要.
- 神经生理学和神经成像监测技术为老年手术患者的大脑功能实时评估提供了有希望的途径.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证这些监测工具在PND管理中的常规临床应用.
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