Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

30.0K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
30.0K
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

3.4K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
3.4K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

33.1K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
33.1K
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

11.9K
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
11.9K
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

39.9K
Overview
39.9K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

21.9K
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
21.9K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

DNA Structure-Dependent Enrichment of Oxidative Lesions.

Chemical research in toxicology·2026
Same author

Oxidative DNA Damage Exacerbates the Mutagenic Potential of Alternative DNA Structures via Altered DNA Repair Processing.

Environmental and molecular mutagenesis·2026
Same author

The DNA helicase HELQ promotes replication fork reversal in coordination with BRCA2- and FANCD2-mediated repair pathways.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Aging alters DNA structure-induced genetic instability in mice.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Characterization of Hairpin Loops and Cruciforms Across 118,019 Genomes Spanning the Tree of Life.

Genome biology and evolution·2026
Same author

Non-B DNA structures and their contributions to genetic diversity, aging, and disease.

Nucleic acids research·2026

相关实验视频

Updated: May 27, 2025

Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
12:15

Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter

Published on: May 29, 2019

8.6K

替代DNA结构中的氧化损伤导致异常的突变原体处理.

Maha Zewail-Foote1, Imee M A Del Mundo2, Alex W Klattenhoff2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southwestern University, 1001 E University Ave, Georgetown, TX 78626, United States.

Nucleic acids research
|February 19, 2025
PubMed
概括

与癌症相关的H-DNA序列在瘤条件下积累氧化损伤,改变突变模式和DNA修复. 这表明H-DNA是氧化微环境中遗传不稳定的热点.

更多相关视频

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

3.5K
Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications
10:12

Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications

Published on: April 21, 2023

2.7K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 27, 2025

Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
12:15

Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter

Published on: May 29, 2019

8.6K
Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

3.5K
Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications
10:12

Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications

Published on: April 21, 2023

2.7K

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
  • 癌症研究 癌症研究

背景情况:

  • 遗传不稳定是癌症的一个关键特征.
  • 突变热点通常与替代DNA结构 (如H-DNA) 相吻合.
  • 众所周知,H-DNA促进了哺乳动物的遗传不稳定性.

研究的目的:

  • 研究氧化应激 (OS) 对H-DNA结构及其突变性潜力的作用.
  • 探索氧化损伤如何影响哺乳动物细胞中H-DNA的处理和修复.
  • 为癌症中H-DNA介导的遗传不稳定性提出一个新的模型.

主要方法:

  • 在OS条件下比较H-DNA与B-DNA中的氧化损伤积累.
  • 评估暴露于OS的哺乳动物细胞中的H-DNA结构不稳定和突变率.
  • 分析突变光谱和DNA修复蛋白质招募到受损的H-DNA区域.

主要成果:

  • 在OS下,H-DNA形成序列积累的氧化病变比B-DNA更多.
  • 与未受损的H-DNA相比,OS破坏了H-DNA的稳定性,减少了其诱导突变的影响.
  • 氧化损坏的H-DNA触发了基切除修复和核酸切除修复蛋白的差异性招募.

结论:

  • 在氧化瘤微环境中,H-DNA形成区域充当DNA损伤的热点.
  • 氧化损伤改变了H-DNA的突变性处理,导致一种新的遗传不稳定模型.
  • H-DNA序列可以作为遗传疾病的生物标记物和治疗点.