在过去30年中,对焦虑症的认知行为疗法的随机对照研究的效果大小
Stefan G Hofmann1, Chantal Kasch1, Andreas Reis1
1Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany.
Clinical psychology review
|February 19, 2025
概括
认知行为疗法 (CBT) 仍然有效治疗焦虑症,但其治疗效果大小在过去30年中没有增加. 需要进一步的研究来提高CBT的疗效.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和行为科学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 认知行为疗法 (CBT) 是各种焦虑障碍的成熟治疗方法.
- 三十年来,许多随机对照试验 (RCT) 证实了它的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 调查出版年是否影响CBT对焦虑障碍的影响大小.
- 为了确定CBT的有效性是否随着时间的推移而改变.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项元分析,汇集了来自三项现有元分析的数据,包括到2025年1月发表的研究.
- 分析了涉及3645名参与者的49个RCT,将CBT与心理或安慰剂对照进行了比较.
- 数据提取包括研究质量指标,两名独立评级人员参与.
主要成果:
- 对CBT和对照组的整体平均效应大小 (Hedges' g) 为0.51 (95% CI [0.40,0.62]).
- 前后效应大小表明,CBT的效果很大 (g=1.18) 和对照的效果中等 (g=0.59).
- 超回归分析显示,在过去30年中,CBT效应大小没有显著变化 (p=0.24).
结论:
- 虽然CBT对焦虑症有效,但其治疗效果大小在过去三十年中并没有显著增加.
- 这些发现表明,需要对改变治疗的机制进行研究,以进一步提高CBT的疗效.
- 未来的研究应该专注于确定可以提高CBT干预措施有效性的因素.
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