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Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics
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评估54个国家/地区的COVID-19疫苗接种的地理可用性
Yanjia Cao1, Tianyu Li1, Huanfa Chen2
1Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
BMJ global health
|February 19, 2025
概括
全球疫苗接种能力显著差异,许多低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 和一些高收入国家 (HICs) 缺乏"疫苗沙漠". 改善的地理位置与更高的疫苗接种率和更低的死亡率有关.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 是指地理信息系统.
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行突显了全球疫苗接种不平等现象,不成比例地影响了低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 目前关于疫苗接种能力的研究往往忽视了多国比较,特别是在LMIC和高收入国家 (HIC) 之间.
研究的目的:
- 对COVID-19疫苗接种的地理可用性进行多国评估.
- 为了比较LMIC和HIC之间的疫苗接种能力.
- 探索与地理可访问性相关的经济因素,疫苗接种率和健康结果.
主要方法:
- 利用1公里分辨率的人口数据和在选定的国家地理编码的疫苗接种地点.
- 采用了四种不同的疫苗可访问性指标,包括旅行时间,驾驶时间和地理可访问性指数 (增强的两级浮动流域).
- 分析了地理可访问性,人均GDP,接种疫苗和死亡率之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在疫苗接种能力方面发现了显著的差异,在HIC和LMIC中存在"疫苗沙漠".
- 发现24.07%的地区在15分钟内获得95%以上的人口访问权限,而一些地区在60分钟内获得不到30%的访问权限.
- 证明了更高的疫苗接种能力和更高的疫苗接种率之间的正相关性,以及与COVID-19死亡率的负相关性.
结论:
- 低,中等和发达国家需要有针对性的干预措施,以改善疫苗的地理可用性.
- 疫苗接种的内部差异存在于HIC和LMIC之间,需要专注于服务不足的地区.
- 优先考虑"疫苗沙漠"并确保公平获取对于未来的流行病准备至关重要.
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