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精英残疾人运动员的健康问题 - 一项针对53739名运动员日的前性队列研究

Aglaja Busch¹, Eva Johanna Kubosch², Rainer Leonhart³

¹University of Freiburg Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Germany; Bern University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Switzerland; University of Potsdam, Outpatient Clinic, Sports Medicine and Sports Orthopaedics, Germany.

Journal of science and medicine in sport

|February 19, 2025

概括

精英残疾人运动员经历了许多健康问题,女性和经验较少的运动员面临更高的风险. 监测和教育对于预防残疾人运动中的伤害至关重要.

科学领域:

运动医学运动医学
这是一场残疾人运动.
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

关于残疾人运动员受伤和疾病的纵向数据很少.
了解健康问题的流行病学对于运动员的福祉和表现至关重要.
精英残疾人运动员需要特定的健康监测策略.

研究的目的:

调查精英残疾人运动员健康问题的流行病学.
分析健康问题,人口统计和体育曝光之间的关系.
为有针对性的伤害预防和运动员支持提供数据.

主要方法:

未来的队列研究设计.
每周在线健康问卷 (奥斯陆体育创伤研究中心问卷) 给德国残奥会队的运动员 (2019-2021).
记录训练暴露,强度和健康问题发生率;流行病学分析,包括危险和概率比率.

主要成果:

122名运动员在124周内报告了438个健康问题 (疾病和伤害).
女性患实质性健康问题的风险是女性的两倍 (HR=1.8).
运动员有>5年精英训练 (OR=0.9) 风险较低;与训练强度变化相关的风险增加 (OR=1.5-4).
实质性健康问题的患病率为10.5%,在比赛周达到顶峰.
过度使用伤害主要发生在训练营期间,在比赛期间发生急性伤害.

结论:

针对女性运动员和5年以下经验的运动员进行有针对性的监测是必不可少的.
整个赛季的健康问题模式不同.
加强教练和医务人员的教育对于安全的残疾人运动员管理是必要的.

关键词:

流行病学流行病学这是OSTRC的OSTRC.这是一项残奥会运动.流行程度流行程度监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督

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