对大豆种子产量,蛋白质和油的基因组和现象学预测
Liza Van der Laan1, Kyle Parmley1, Mojdeh Saadati2
1Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
The plant genome
|February 19, 2025
概括
基因组预测 (GP) 和现象预测 (PP) 为大豆育种提供了工具. PP在预测产量方面表现出色,而GP在蛋白质和油含量方面表现更好,有助于早期选择.
科学领域:
- * 农业科学 农业科学
- * * 植物育种 植物育种
- * 遗传学 在遗传学方面
背景情况:
- *基因组预测 (GP) 和现象预测 (PP) 是作物品种发展的先进工具.
- *GP是在商业大豆育种中建立的,用于预测产量和种子组成.
- *PP正在出现,用于在生长季节的早期基因型选择.
研究的目的:
- * 为了比较GP和PP对大豆种子产量,蛋白质和油的预测性能.
- *进行全基因组关联研究 (GWAS),以确定与这些特征相关的显著单核酸多态 (SNP).
主要方法:
- * 在六个环境中评估了292个大豆加入的小组.
- *在两个时间点收集了光谱数据;训练了基因组最佳线性无偏预测 (GBLUP) 和机器学习 (ML) 模型.
- * ML模型使用植被指数 (VIs) 和树冠特征;GWAS确定了重要的SNP.
主要成果:
- *与基因组预测 (GP) 相比,现象预测 (PP) 对种子产量的预测能力更高.
- *基因组预测 (GP) 证明了种子蛋白质和油含量的更高预测能力.
- *使用VI或SNP的集成模型没有超过原始GP和PP模型的性能.
结论:
- * 机器学习 (ML) 在大豆育种计划中有效地实现季节性特征预测.
- * 结果为整合PP和GP提供了有价值的见解,以提高大豆育种战略.
相关概念视频
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
18.8K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.8K
02:02Genomics
35.7K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
35.7K
00:49What is Genetic Engineering?
73.3K
Overview
73.3K
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.4K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.4K
01:33Proteomics
7.2K
A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
7.2K
01:20Monohybrid Crosses
228.5K
Overview
228.5K