拉切特效应和塞在密集的混合物中的活性和被动合物在狭窄的孔隙中
František Slanina1, Miroslav Kotrla1
1Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, CZ-18200 Praha, Czech Republic.
Physical review. E
|February 20, 2025
概括
在调制孔中的活性和被动颗粒的混合物表现出不同的流动模式. 粒子密度的增加导致干扰,其特点是突然的电流下降和指数级干扰时间.
科学领域:
- 统计物理 统计物理
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
- 非平衡系统 非平衡系统
背景情况:
- 一般化的排除过程模型粒子相互作用和运输.
- 活性颗粒引入内部驱动,创造非平衡条件.
- 周期电位可以诱导定向运动 (拉切效应).
研究的目的:
- 在调制孔内的活性和被动颗粒混合物中研究颗粒传输.
- 在不同颗粒密度下描述流动模式和干扰过渡.
- 分析活性和被动粒子电流之间的动态和相互作用.
主要方法:
- 使用了普遍排斥过程的框架.
- 建模了一个半一维的通道,具有周期性的,牙形的形状.
- 模拟粒子运动与固体排斥和活性粒子的内部驱动.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种主要模式:自由流,热激活过程和旋转分解.
- 在较高密度下观察到过渡到塞状态,显著减少了杆电流.
- 发现阻塞时间遵循指数分布,并指数依赖于活性粒子密度.
结论:
- 活性粒子电流会对被动粒子产生阻力,而非对称电流则会对齐.
- 系统进化表明缓慢的对象态对象态的对数方法,具有潜在的电流逆转.
- 干扰行为强大,平均干扰时间在很大程度上独立于切换速率或被动粒子存在.
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