一个实施科学框架,以了解大规模犬狂犬病疫苗接种的低覆盖率
Ricardo Castillo-Neyra1,2,3, Lizzie Ortiz-Cam3, Jorge L Cañari-Casaño3
1Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 20, 2025
概括
在秘鲁,大规模的狗疫苗接种活动面临挑战,原因是沟通不良,狂犬病风险感知下降以及资金问题. 策略包括更好的联盟,宣传和培训,以改善参与狂犬病控制工作.
科学领域:
- 兽医公共卫生 兽医公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 实施科学 实施科学
背景情况:
- 在非洲,亚洲和拉丁美洲的许多地区,由狗传播的人类狂犬病仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 大规模的狗疫苗接种 (MDV) 是消除狂犬病的一个关键健康战略,但实现持续覆盖面是具有挑战性的.
- 实施研究综合框架 (CFIR) 可以识别有效MDV活动的障碍.
研究的目的:
- 应用CFIR来了解在秘鲁阿雷基帕犬狂犬病疫苗接种活动中利益相关者所面临的障碍.
- 确定导致COVID-19后大规模犬疫苗接种活动 (MDVC) 效率下降的因素.
主要方法:
- 七个重点小组 (n=56) 探讨了社区对狂犬病和疫苗接种的观点.
- 在与公共卫生人员 (n=69) 的研讨会上,研究了影响COVID-19后MDVC的因素.
- 使用CFIR框架分析了五个领域的障碍:创新,外部环境,内部环境,个人和实施.
主要成果:
- 社区的障碍包括沟通不良,疫苗接种时间短,合作分散.
- 个人层面的障碍包括狂犬病风险感知下降,人类COVID-19疫苗接种的优先级,以及因大流行相关的财务影响而受到的时间限制.
- 实施者和当局的障碍包括材料不足,角色不清楚,缺乏评估时间,财务约束和制度承诺分散.
结论:
- 在秘鲁阿雷基帕,MDVC的关键障碍被确定在社区,个人和实施者层面.
- 共同设计的增强MDVC参与的策略包括加强市政联盟,改善宣传,培训疫苗接种人员和延长竞选时间.
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