量化抗生素使用和耐药性的遗传决定因素对细菌谱系动态的影响
David Helekal1, Tatum D Mortimer2, Aditi Mukherjee1
1Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|February 20, 2025
概括
抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 的进化是由耐药性基因和抗生素使用所驱动的. 这项研究量化了耐药性决定因素对*尼塞利亚淋病*的现实健康影响,揭示了不同的影响,并为未来的策略提供了信息.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性 (AMR) 的动态取决于耐药性基因适应性影响和抗生素压力.
- 量化AMR决定因素对现实世界的健康影响至关重要,但具有挑战性.
- 之前的研究缺乏对病原体种群的健康贡献的经验估计.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种新型的植物动力学模型来量化耐药性决定因素对Neisseria gonorrhoeae*的健康贡献.
- 研究抗生素使用如何影响具有不同耐药性概况的细菌菌株的适应性.
- 将病原体基因组学与抗生素使用模式联系起来,以了解生态趋势.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种层次化的贝叶斯哲学动力学模型.
- 分析了长达20年的 *Neisseria gonorrhoeae* 隔离物.
- 基因耐药性决定因素的量化健康贡献.
- 使用*体外*和实验性感染竞争试验验的验证结果.
主要成果:
- 耐药性决定因素对健康的贡献有显著的变化,与抗生素使用相关.
- 导致相同表型抗性的基因上不同的途径表现出不同的健康效应.
- 该模型成功地将基因组数据和抗生素使用与菌株成功联系起来.
结论:
- 抗菌耐药性决定因素对现实世界的健康影响是可量化的和可变的.
- 了解健康状况的变化是预测AMR演变和指导治疗策略的关键.
- 这种方法为研究病原体生态动态的其他驱动因素提供了框架.
相关概念视频
Antibiotic Selection
52.2K
Overview
52.2K
Bacterial Transformation
55.0K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
55.0K
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes
43.3K
The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
43.3K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
7.8K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
7.8K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.0K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.0K


