非洲裔美国人和黑人的癌症统计,2025年
Anatu H Saka1, Angela N Giaquinto1, Lauren E McCullough2
1Cancer Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
|February 20, 2025
概括
黑人面临着不成比例的癌症负担,生存率较低. 尽管取得了进展,但由于健康和结构性种族主义的社会决定因素,严重的死亡率差距仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 黑人患癌症负担不成比例,在大多数癌症类型中生存率最低.
- 在美国,癌症发病率和死亡率仍然存在显著的种族差异.
研究的目的:
- 介绍美国黑人癌症发病率,死亡率,存活率,查和风险因素的最新统计数据.
- 分析癌症死亡率的趋势,并确定黑人和白人人口之间的关键差异.
主要方法:
- 使用来自国家癌症研究所 (NCI) 和疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 的基于人口的数据.
- 收集和分析有关癌症发病率 (到2021年) 和死亡率 (到2022年) 的数据.
主要成果:
- 在2025年,估计有248,470例新的癌症病例和73,240例黑人死亡.
- 从1991年到2022年,黑人男性的癌症死亡率相对下降最大 (49%),但死亡率仍然高于白人男性.
- 对于特定的癌症,差异很明显,黑人人对于前列腺癌,子宫体,胃癌和骨髓瘤的死亡率高出两倍.
结论:
- 虽然取得了进展,但与白人相比,黑人男性和黑人女性的癌症死亡率仍然存在显著的不平等.
- 这些差异是多因素的,主要是由扎根于结构性种族主义的健康的社会决定因素驱动的.
- 解决这些差距需要在临床试验中增加多样性,加强提供者教育,并为公平的癌症护理提供财政激励.
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