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相关概念视频

Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

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Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
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Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

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Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Vector Algebra: Graphical Method01:10

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Vectors can be multiplied by scalars, added to other vectors, or subtracted from other vectors. The vector sum of two (or more) vectors is called the resultant vector or, for short, the resultant.
We use the laws of geometry to construct resultant vectors, followed by trigonometry to find vector magnitudes and directions. For a geometric construction of the sum of two vectors in a plane, we follow the parallelogram rule. Suppose two vectors are at arbitrary positions. Translate either one of...
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Vector Representation of Complex Numbers01:16

Vector Representation of Complex Numbers

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Complex numbers, represented in Cartesian coordinates, can also be visualized as vectors. These vectors can be expressed in polar form, emphasizing their magnitude and angle. When a complex number is input into a function, the output is another complex number, highlighting the function's zero point from which the vector representation can originate.
Consider a function defined as the product of the complex factors in the numerator divided by the product of the complex factors in the...
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The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes02:40

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 27, 2025

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts
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一个向量表示为家族遗传树.

Cedric Chauve1, Caroline Colijn2, Louxin Zhang2

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
|February 20, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

我们引入了对遗传树的新表示法和一个名为HOP (树重排算子) 的新型重排算子. 这种方法为进化研究提供了高效的树分析和可处理的距离度量.

关键词:
遗传学树木 遗传学树木树木度量法 (tree metric) 是一种树木度量法.树的重新排列树的重新排列.

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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
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相关实验视频

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科学领域:

  • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
  • 计算型的遗传学学.

背景情况:

  • 遗传树和遗传网络需要高效的表征来进行存储和分析.
  • 可扩展性对于推断和分析跨基因,基因组和物种的进化关系至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为扎根的遗传树提出一种新的表征.
  • 引入一个新的树重排算算子 (HOP) 和一个可计算的距离度量 (HOP距离).
  • 评估HOP距离在进化分析中的实用性及其对网络的概括性.

主要方法:

  • 在 *n* 排序的种群上编码根系的家族遗传树,作为长度为 2*n* 的向量,每个种群出现两次.
  • 开发了一种新的树重排算算子HOP,定义一个直线直径和二次邻近大小的树空间.
  • 介绍HOP距离度量并将其计算在近线性时间内.

主要成果:

  • HOP操作员创建了一个直线直径和平方邻里大小的树空间.
  • HOP距离是一个可处理的度量,可以在近线性时间内计算.
  • HOP距离与子树-修剪和重新植入距离的相关性比罗宾逊-福尔兹距离更好.
  • 这种表示可以泛化为树子网络.

结论:

  • 拟议的树木表示和HOP距离为植物遗传学分析提供了高效和可扩展的方法.
  • HOP距离为比较进化树提供了一个可操作和信息化的指标.
  • 对树子网络的概括强调了这种方法在进化研究中的广泛适用性.