基于种族和性别的皮下脂肪分布差异的研究在高水平竞争运动员中
1Department of Anthropometry. Centre of Sports Medicine, High Council of Sports, C/Pintor El Greco s/n, Madrid, Spain.
概括
在运动员的身体组成中存在种族差异. 与高加索运动员相比,黑人运动员表现出明显的皮下脂肪分布,这影响了身体成分评估.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人类测量学 人类测量学.
- 人类生物学 人类生物学
背景情况:
- 了解跨民族的身体组成差异对于准确的运动绩效评估至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有完全详细介绍黑人和白人运动员之间的皮下脂肪分布差异.
研究的目的:
- 分析和比较黑人和白人运动员的皮下脂肪概况.
- 研究基于种族和性别的脂肪分布中的人类学差异.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及303名运动员 (202名白人,101名黑人) 的人类学研究.
- 测量包括体重,身高,坐高,臂间,腰和部周长,以及9次皮测量.
- 脂肪百分比是使用运动员特定的,一般化的和种族特定的方程来计算的.
主要成果:
- 与白人男性相比,黑人男性在胸部,三肌和下肢的皮下脂肪较少,但在 subscapularis 区域的脂肪较多.
- 黑人女性的前腿脂肪较少,肩下脂肪比高加索女性多.
- 黑人两种性别的上肢/下肢脂肪比较高,前后脂肪区域比较低.
结论:
- 在运动员的人类特征和皮下脂肪分布中存在显著的性别和种族二重形态.
- 这些变化需要在对各种运动群体进行人体测量评估和身体成分分析时加以考虑.
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