放射学和深度学习 通过计算机断层扫描预测免疫疗法诱导的肺炎
David S Smith1,2, Levente Lippenszky3, Michele L LeNoue-Newton4,5
1Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
JCO clinical cancer informatics
|February 20, 2025
概括
在接受免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的癌症患者中预测肺炎 (PN) 是至关重要的. 使用CT扫描的深度学习模型在识别患有PN风险的患者方面表现有前途,提高了治疗的安全性和有效性.
科学领域:
- 放射学和瘤学 放射学和瘤学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 提供了显著的癌症治疗益处,但可能导致严重的副作用,如肺炎 (PN).
- 预测PN风险对于安全有效的长期ICI治疗和临床试验中的患者分层是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于成像的模型,用于预测ICI治疗患者的PN.
- 为了比较放射学和深度学习模型在预测PN风险方面的表现.
主要方法:
- 分析了671名癌症患者的队列,这些患者在治疗前可获得3,351名ICI治疗患者的胸部CT扫描.
- 开发了三种预测模型:一种使用放射学特征,一种使用原始CT数据上的卷积神经网络 (CNN),以及一种组合模型.
主要成果:
- 仅使用CNN模型的曲线下面面积 (AUC) 达到0.819,高于仅使用放射学模型 (AUC 0.747) 的水平.
- 放射学和深度学习模型的组合显示了AUC (0.829) 的边际改善,但与仅CNN模型相比,在统计学上并不显著.
- 对于PN预测,CNN模型显示了提高的灵敏度 (0.743) 和可比的正预测值 (0.244).
结论:
- 深度学习模型,特别是CNN,在预测PN方面表现出优越的实用性,与传统的放射学相比.
- 这些发现表明,在ICI治疗和临床试验中,有可能改善患者管理和风险分层.
更多相关视频
04:09Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: October 10, 2018
8.2K
10:26Author Spotlight: A 3D Digital Model for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Nodules
Published on: May 19, 2023
1.7K
相关概念视频
Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan
95
Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
95
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan
81
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
81
