采访方式对塑料和重建外科住院住院性别差异的影响 匹配成功
Anya Wang1, Nargiz Seyidova1, Olachi Oleru1
1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Journal of surgical education
|February 20, 2025
概括
塑料和重建手术 (PRS) 住院的虚拟面试与较低的匹配率相关. 虽然女性的匹配成功率通常更高,但虚拟面试在匹配结果中不成比例地有利于女性申请者.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 外科住院招生入学情况
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19大流行,需要在居住申请中从面对面的面试转向虚拟面试.
- 历史性的性别差异在医疗领域仍然存在,促使对面试模式影响进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估面试模式 (虚拟与面对面) 对申请人塑料和重建外科 (PRS) 住院计划的成功率的影响.
- 分析性别和其他申请人特征如何影响与面试格式相关的比赛成功.
主要方法:
- 分析了2017-2021年1298名PRS居住申请人,使用ERAS,国家居住匹配计划和公共数据.
- 包括申请人的人口统计数据,学术/专业资格,面试方式和匹配结果.
- 应用单变量和多变量逻辑回归来评估虚拟面试对跨性别和其他因素对匹配成功的影响.
主要成果:
- 虚拟采访 (24.1%的申请人) 与面对面采访 (65.5%) 相比,与较低的整体匹配率 (56.9%) 相关.
- 女性申请人获得的整体匹配率 (67.2%) 比男性 (60.5%) 高,虚拟面试显示女性匹配比例更高 (57.9%).
- 种族,研究年参与和毕业生身份显著影响了比赛的成功,而重新申请人的身份没有.
结论:
- 在PRS住院招生中,虚拟面试与整体匹配率的降低有关.
- 面试方式,性别,种族和研究经验是影响居留匹配结果的复杂因素.
- 调查结果突出了医疗执业选择过程的复杂性和需要公平的评估方法.
相关概念视频
02:16Surveys
14.7K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.7K
01:31Confirmation Biases
5.4K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
5.4K
02:09Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
37.4K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
37.4K
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
21
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
21
02:16Stereotype Content Model
13.9K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
13.9K
02:13The Representativeness Heuristic
15.8K
The representative heuristic describes a biased way of thinking, in which you unintentionally stereotype someone or something. For example, you may assume that your professors spend their free time reading books and engaging in intellectual conversation, because the idea of them spending their time playing volleyball or visiting an amusement park does not fit in with your stereotypes of professors.
15.8K