在悬浮和附带部分化中处理高盐废水的氧化排放 - - 亚纳莫克斯反应堆
Lin Gao1, Sheldon Tarre1, Michal Green1
1Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
Bioresource technology
|February 20, 2025
概括
研究了从部分化-亚纳摩克斯 (PN/A) 处理高盐废水中产生的氧化排放. 添加酸盐显著减少了悬浮和固定反应堆中的这些排放量.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 废水处理技术 废水处理技术
- 温室气体排放量 温室气体排放量
背景情况:
- 部分化-亚纳摩克斯 (PN/A) 是一种脱沙化工艺,在废水处理中越来越受欢迎.
- 氧化 (N2O) 排放是PN/A中已知的问题,但对高盐废水的数据很少.
- 调查N2O排放对于优化PN/A效率和环境影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了量化PN/A处理超废水的过程中的N2O排放量.
- 确定控制PN/A反应堆N2O排放的因素.
- 评估有机添加对N2O排放和脱的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用完全混合的悬浮和附着的单阶段PN/A反应堆.
- 用4%盐度 (40g/kg) 处理的废水,没有初始有机添加.
- 引入酸盐作为有机碳来源,以评估其效果.
- 使用定量PCR来分析功能基因丰度.
主要成果:
- 在没有有机添加的情况下,N2O排放范围从0.08%到1.5%的氨在反应堆中被清除.
- 和酸盐度是影响N2O排放的关键因素.
- 酸盐的添加使N2O排放量减少了52.5% (固定床) 和72.4% (悬浮反应堆).
- 乙酸盐增加了脱基因,但没有显著影响脱.
结论:
- 来自PN/A处理高盐废水的N2O排放受氨和酸盐含量的影响.
- 有机添加剂,特别是酸盐,有效地减轻PN/A系统中的N2O排放.
- 即使在有机添加的情况下,PN/A仍然可用于除尘,从而减少温室气体的影响.
相关概念视频
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2
4.0K
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
4.0K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview
3.2K
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
3.2K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
7.8K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
7.8K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism
3.7K
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
3.7K
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H
2.7K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
2.7K
The Equilibrium Constant
46.4K
Consider the oxidation of sulfur dioxide:
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