在一臂拉动过程中微妙的动力学变化及其对上肢和干部时刻的影响
Kevin D Kos1, Daanish M Mulla1, Peter J Keir1
1Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
IISE transactions on occupational ergonomics and human factors
|February 21, 2025
概括
轻微的姿势变化会显著改变关节力量,影响工作场所的人体工程学. 考虑日常姿势变化对于准确的风险评估和工人安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 职业生物机械学
- 人体工程学就是人体工程学.
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
背景情况:
- 当前的人体工程学实践往往依赖于单个,代表性的姿势来进行任务分析.
- 这种方法可能会忽视轻微的姿势变化对关节负荷的重大影响.
- 了解对姿势变化的联合时刻反应对于工作场所安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究关节角度的小偏差对上肢和干部关节时刻的影响.
- 确定姿势变化是否会影响上肢和干部关节需求之间的权衡.
- 挑战在人体工程学评估中使用单一姿势的标准做法.
主要方法:
- 用一个简单的概率计算模型来模拟单个关节角度的小偏差 (<5°).
- 该模型分析了不同工作高度和人体测量下上肢和干部关节时刻的变化.
- 典型工作日的动力学数据被认为可以捕捉姿势变化.
主要成果:
- 模拟的小姿势偏差导致关节时刻的显著变化 (高达20%).
- 观察到的上肢和干部之间的时刻权衡取决于工作高度和个人人类学.
- 结果表明,关节需求对轻微的姿势调整有很高的敏感性.
结论:
- 人体工程学评估应考虑工作日中所采用的姿势的变化,而不仅仅是单一的代表性姿势.
- 关节需求对小姿势变化的敏感性突显出需要精确的动力学测量工具.
- 依赖单个姿势可能会导致在人体工程学分析和决策方面存在重大差异.
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