三例非典型拉斯穆森脑炎,有延迟发作的发作
Hongru Guo1, Pan Gong1, Guojing Yu1,2
1Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Epilepsia open
|February 21, 2025
概括
非典型的拉斯穆森脑炎 (RE) 病例最初表现为运动缺陷,而不是发作. 在EEG/成像中,考虑到单边症状和横向性的早期诊断对于更好的结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
背景情况:
- 拉斯穆森脑炎 (Rasmussen's encephalitis,简称RE) 是一种罕见的,进展性神经系统疾病,典型的特征是难以治疗的焦点发作和单侧脑半球炎症.
- 虽然发作是标志性的初始症状,但非典型的RE呈现,特别是那些没有早期发作的人,带来了诊断挑战.
- 推迟诊断RE可能导致疾病进展延长和治疗结果低于最佳.
研究的目的:
- 分析非典型拉斯穆森脑炎 (RE) 病例的临床特征,这些病例呈现出延迟发作的发作.
- 审查和总结以前报告的非典型RE病例,重点关注发病症状,临床过程和诊断发现.
- 强调在单方面神经缺陷的情况下考虑RE的重要性,即使没有最初的,以改善早期诊断和治疗.
主要方法:
- 在2021年5月至2023年1月期间治疗的三个非典型RE病例的回顾性分析.
- 对以前报告的非典型RE病例进行了全面的文献审查.
- 临床特征的总结,发作半学,神经成像 (MRI,PET-CT),脑电图 (EEG) 发现,治疗策略和预后.
主要成果:
- 三个分析的病例呈现出渐进的单边四肢运动障碍作为最初的症状,在两个病例中,发作后来发展.
- 神经成像显示了渐进的单边半球缩和异常信号,受影响半球的新陈代谢下降.
- 脑电图显示了受影响半球的不对称背景节奏和缓慢波;两个发作病例经历了半球切除术,术后明显改善.
结论:
- 拉斯穆森脑炎 (RE) 的非典型表现,特别是那些最初表现为没有的运动缺陷,往往被误诊.
- 在患有主要单边症状的患者中考虑RE,并支持EEG/成像发现,对于及时诊断至关重要.
- 在非典型的RE病例中,早期识别和干预可以显著改善患者的预后,并减少对广泛调查的需求.
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