用针对性下一代测序进行主导单基因疾病的非侵入性产前检测
Hongyun Zhang1, Jun He2, Yanling Teng1
1Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians
|February 21, 2025
概括
这种针对主导单基因疾病的新型非侵入性产前检测 (NIPT-dSGD) 能够准确地检测出新的和遗传变异,即使没有超声波异常. 这一进步有助于对遗传疾病的早期怀孕管理.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 产前诊断 在产前诊断
背景情况:
- 目前的非侵入性产前检测 (NIPT) 主要检测染色体异常,而不是主要的单基因疾病 (dSGD).
- 有需要的产前诊断方法能够识别dSGDs的非侵入性.
研究的目的:
- 评估一种新的无血细胞DNA (cfDNA) 和针对dSGD的NIPT下一代测序方法 (NIPT-dSGD) 的临床实用性.
- 具体评估NIPT-dSGD方法对神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的有效性.
主要方法:
- 开发了针对34个基因的NIPT-dSGD (25个用于NDD,9个用于其他综合征性疾病).
- 以后验证了NIPT-dSGD方法,然后将其应用于567名孕妇的前队列.
- 与侵入性产前/产后遗传诊断 (全外体测序,桑格测序) 的NIPT-dSGD结果进行比较.
主要成果:
- 分析了535个样本;其中11个 (2.1%) 发现了向基因中的致病性/可能致病性变体.
- 变种是通过父亲遗传的 (3/11) 或 de novo (8/11).
- 达到100%的灵敏度和100%的特异性,没有假阳性或假阴性;即使在正常的超声波检测中也检测到NDD基因的变异.
结论:
- NIPT-dSGD准确地识别了主导基因中的de novo和父性遗传变异.
- 这种方法即使在遗传变异不会导致可观察到的超声波异常时也有效.
- NIPT-dSGD可以显著改善患DSGD风险的家庭的怀孕管理.
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