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数字屏幕时间和近视:系统审查和剂量反应元分析

Ahnul Ha^1,2, Yun Jeong Lee³, Marvin Lee⁴

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju-si, Korea.

JAMA network open

|February 21, 2025

概括

每天增加的数字屏幕时间显著增加了近视风险,潜在的安全门为每天一小时以下. 屏幕曝光的每一个额外的小时都会使近视的几率增加21%.

科学领域:

眼科医生眼科眼科
公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

儿童和青少年的数字屏幕时间越来越普遍.
已经观察到数字屏幕使用和近视之间的关联,但明确的剂量反应关系和安全暴露极限尚未得到充分确立.
了解这些关系对于旨在缓解近视进展的公共卫生策略至关重要.

研究的目的:

进行剂量反应元分析,评估数字屏幕时间与近视风险之间的关联.
为了确定与近视发展有关的数字屏幕使用的潜在安全暴露值.

主要方法:

在多个数据库 (PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,ClinicalTrials.gov) 进行了全面的系统搜索,截至2024年11月25日.
包括调查数字屏幕暴露和近视结果的初级研究文章.
随机效应,剂量反应元分析 (DRMA) 用于分析45项涉及335,524名参与者的研究数据.

主要成果:

一个线性剂量-反应元分析表明,每天每小时的额外屏幕时间与近视率的21%增加有关 (OR,1.21;95% CI,1.13-1.30).
非线性分析显示,近视风险在每天1至4小时的屏幕时间之间显著增加,几率从1小时的1.05 (95%CI,1.01-1.09) 增加到4小时的1.97 (95%CI,1.56至2.40).
剂量反应曲线呈现出西格形状,这表明每日暴露时间小于1小时的潜在安全门.

结论:

每天的数字屏幕时间与近视的几率增加有显著关联.
这些发现表明,每天屏幕曝光的潜在安全门不到1小时.
这些结果为临床医生,研究人员和关于近视预防和管理的公共卫生倡议提供了宝贵的指导.

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