胆酸作为碳化考古沉积物的生物标志物:来自便燃烧实验的见解
Basira Mir-Makhamad1,2,3, Thomas Larsen1, Daniel Giddings Vassao1
1Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, Jena, Thuringia, Germany.
PloS one
|February 21, 2025
概括
便中的胆酸表现出适度的耐热性,在燃烧后持续存在. 然而,高温和露天火灾降低了它们的度,使得考古学研究中的物种鉴定复杂化.
科学领域:
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 考古学科学 考古学科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 胆汁酸是考古学,环境研究和理解人与动物相互作用中的关键便生物标志物.
- 它们对降解的抗性使得它们成为有价值的类固醇生物标志物,但它们在燃烧后的命运尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在受控燃烧条件下研究牛中胆汁酸的热稳定性.
- 评估不同温度和燃烧方法对胆酸保存的影响.
主要方法:
- 在高达449°C的温度下对现代牛进行受控燃烧实验.
- 使用高性能液体染色学与电喷射电离-质谱学 (HPLC-EI-MS) 结合使用燃烧前和燃烧后胆汁酸的量化.
主要成果:
- 高温会使胆汁酸不稳定,氧胆汁酸在233°C以上消失.
- 主要和次要胆酸显示中度耐热性,在较低度下持续存在.
- 露天的火灾造成的胆酸损失比的情况更大;较冷的便碎片保留了比灰更多的胆酸.
结论:
- 高温使得在考古学背景下使用胆酸概况进行物种识别变得复杂.
- 考古样本中的持久胆酸提供了对过去资源使用,燃料战略,流动性和环境条件的见解.
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