在心理健康护理中探索对话性AI的伦理挑战:范围审查
Mehrdad Rahsepar Meadi1,2, Tomas Sillekens3, Suzanne Metselaar2
1Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
JMIR mental health
|February 21, 2025
概括
交谈式人工智能 (CAI) 提供心理健康支持,但也引发了伦理方面的担忧. 本次审查强调了安全,隐私和负责CAI开发和使用的问责制等关键问题.
科学领域:
- 心理健康技术 心理健康技术
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
- 数字健康数字健康
背景情况:
- 交谈式人工智能 (CAI) 是心理健康护理的一个新兴的数字工具.
- 心理治疗聊天机器人越来越多,这促使道德审查.
研究的目的:
- 提供CAI作为治疗师的道德考虑的全面概述.
- 在CAI中识别和分类心理健康的伦理挑战.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,Embase,PsycINFO,科学网,Scopus,哲学家索引,ACM数字图书馆) 中进行系统搜索.
- 搜索术语包括"体现的人工智能"",道德"和"心理健康".
- 包括讨论CAI在治疗作用中的伦理挑战的文章;雪球搜索被用于额外的文章.
主要成果:
- 包括101篇文章,其中95%自2018年以来发表.
- 确定了主要的伦理主题:安全和危害 (51.5%),隐私和保密 (61.4%),正义 (40.6%),有效性 (37.6%).
- 其他主题包括责任,同理心,人形主义,自主性和对医疗保健工作者的影响.
结论:
- 该审查全面涵盖了CAI在心理健康护理中的伦理方面.
- 某些主题和利益相关者的观点需要进一步探索.
- 未来的研究应侧重于比较风险/益处,适当的角色,护理准入影响和问责制,以指导道德准则.
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