方便还是安全系统? 配备部分自动驾驶的车辆的碰撞率
1Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington, Virginia.
Traffic injury prevention
|February 21, 2025
概括
部分驾驶自动化系统没有令人信服的证据表明它可以减少现实世界的碰撞. 关于系统使用的进一步研究至关重要,以及防止滥用和潜在的事故风险增加的保障措施.
科学领域:
- 汽车安全工程 汽车安全工程
- 人与计算机的互动.
- 运输研究 运输研究
背景情况:
- 部分驾驶自动化系统经常被消费者视为安全功能,尽管它们是为了方便而销售的.
- 现有的安全系统包括自动紧急制动 (AEB) 和车道偏离防止 (LDP).
研究的目的:
- 评估部分驾驶自动化是否减少后端和车道偏离事故,超出了AEB和LDP的能力.
- 评估特定部分驾驶自动化系统对现实世界的安全影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了使用ProPILOT Assist的日产Rogues (2017-2019) 和使用驾驶助理Plus的BMW车辆 (2013-2017) 的碰撞率.
- 负二项回归用于比较车辆每公里的撞车率,这些车辆在访问限制的道路和速度限制≤35英里/小时的道路上行驶.
- 对后端和车道偏离事件的撞车数据进行了检查.
主要成果:
- 与LDP单独相比,宝马的驾驶助理Plus没有显著减少碰撞.
- 与AEB单独相比,Nissan Rogues配备ProPILOT Assist的后排撞车率在有限通道上降低了26%,在速度限制≤35英里/小时的道路上降低了43%.
- 使用ProPILOT Assist减少了车道离开事故率,但由于潜在的系统滥用和像头灯这样的混因素,关于归因的问题仍然存在.
结论:
- 目前的证据并不令人信服地支持部分驾驶自动化作为现实世界的防撞安全系统.
- 了解这些系统的实际使用对于准确评估它们的安全影响至关重要.
- 制定强有力的保障措施,防止司机滥用部分驾驶自动化,是避免无意中增加事故风险的必要条件.
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