在参与非驾驶任务的司机中,分心和风险的感知:来自德国研究的结果
Maria Kreusslein1, Katja Schleinitz2, Markus Schumacher3
1TU Chemnitz, Institute of Psychology Research Group Cognitive and Engineering Psychology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
Journal of safety research
|February 22, 2025
概括
司机经常低估了次要任务的风险,例如发短信或与乘客互动. 宣传活动应该强调危险,并考虑年龄和性别差异在风险感知更安全的驾驶.
科学领域:
- 道路安全研究 道路安全研究
- 交通运输中的人类因素
- 驾驶员行为分析分析
背景情况:
- 司机从次要任务中分心是交通事故的主要原因之一.
- 了解这些任务的普遍性和感知风险对于预防事故至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查德国汽车司机执行的次要任务的频率和感知风险.
- 分析人口因素如何影响司机对次要任务的风险感知.
主要方法:
- 全国面对面的半标准化采访,采访了德国1072名汽车司机.
- 配额抽样方法,以确保代表性参与者选择.
- 收集有关执行的次要任务及其感知风险的数据.
主要成果:
- 近90%的司机从事次要任务,平均每名司机在驾驶的最后30分钟内执行了两项任务.
- 乘客互动,内部分心和操作车辆仪器是最常见的.
- 短信,阅读,浏览和手持手机使用被认为是最分散注意力和危险的,尽管报告频率较低.
- 与他们整体风险评估相比,司机通常低估了次要任务的风险.
- 女性和老年司机报告说,对于某些任务,他们认为风险更高.
结论:
- 司机经常低估了与驾驶过程中看似微不足道的次要活动相关的风险.
- 年龄和性别显著影响个人的风险感知和分心水平.
- 需要开展公众宣传活动和有针对性的干预措施,以促进更安全的驾驶实践,考虑到人口变化.
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