解释提前护理规划中的种族和民族差异:分解分析分析
Yifan Lou1, Emma Zang2, Qianqian Li3
1School of Social Work (Y.L.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Journal of pain and symptom management
|February 23, 2025
概括
提前护理计划 (ACP) 的种族和民族差异受到人口统计,社会经济地位 (SES) 和医疗保健准入因素的重大影响. 教育成为一个关键因素,突出了针对少数民族老年人的有针对性的干预措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
- 社会医学科学 社会医学科学
背景情况:
- 在预先护理计划 (ACP) 中存在种族和民族差异.
- 了解导致这些差异的因素对于制定公平的医疗保健战略至关重要.
- 人口,社会经济地位 (SES),获得医疗保健,健康和心理因素是潜在的贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 量化各种因素在预先护理计划 (ACP) 中解释种族和种族差异的相对意义.
- 确定在老年人中ACP讨论和提前指令 (AD) 完成方面的差异的主要驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 来自2020年健康和退休研究的8416名65岁以上的白人,黑人或西班牙裔成年人的数据分析.
- 应用格尔巴赫的分解方法来评估37个因素对白人-黑人和白人-西班牙裔在ACP和AD完成的差异的贡献.
主要成果:
- 与白人和黑人人口相比,白人和西班牙裔人口之间的非平等差距几乎是非洲和非洲的两倍.
- 人口,SES和医疗保健准入因素在很大程度上解释了65%的白人-西班牙裔和37.5%-57.1%的黑人-白人ACP差距.
- 教育是最重要的贡献者;负面的医疗保健经验和移民身份也在特定的差异中发挥了作用.
结论:
- 干预措施应优先考虑受教育程度较低的老年黑人和西班牙裔个人,以减少非洲与非洲的差异.
- 解决负面的医疗保健经验和家庭动态对于改善黑人和西班牙裔老年人中的ACP至关重要.
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