在Cryptococcus病原体和与之密切相关的物种中追踪交配型位点的进化和基因组动态
Marco A Coelho1, Márcia David-Palma1, Seonju Marincowitz2
1Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|February 24, 2025
概括
在真菌中,性繁殖是由交配类型 (MAT) 定位控制的. 这项研究揭示了Cryptococcus中独立的P/R部位扩张和多样化的MAT部位链接过渡,为真菌生殖进化提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 菌学和真菌遗传学 菌学和真菌遗传学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 基础菌种真菌的性繁殖是由交配类型 (MAT) 位点 (P/R和HD) 控制的.
- 这些MAT位点表现出显著的进化可塑性,包括扩张,重新排列和基因损失,通常与交配系统转移有关.
- 属Cryptococcus和Kwoniella,其多样化的繁殖策略和MAT位点架构 (双极,四极,链接,不链接),作为研究MAT位点进化的模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在Cryptococcus和Kwoniella中MAT loci组织的独特进化轨迹.
- 揭示MAT位置链接中的新型过渡及其对真菌生殖系统的影响.
- 提供对基因和染色体机制的新见解,这些机制驱动了基菌体的生殖过渡.
主要方法:
- 用于比较基因组分析的染色体水平组件的生成.
- 识别和描述MAT loci的扩展,重新安排和链接.
- 交配测试以确认性周期和后代分析以研究介质交换和交配.
主要成果:
- 在四极性Cryptococcus中观察到P/R位点的独立扩张,与Kwoniella的较小扩张和基因收购形成鲜明对比.
- 这些Cryptococcus的扩张与富含AT的密码子丰富和GC含量减少有关,这表明重组抑制.
- 确定了三种新的MAT位点链接过渡,包括由转移和重新排列导致的伪双极和双极安排.
结论:
- 独特的进化路径在姐妹真菌属中塑造了MAT位点组织.
- 融合的MAT位点的融合进化得到了基础菌体的支持,由染色体重排驱动.
- 这项研究强调了多样性采样对于理解真菌生殖进化的重要性,并提供了尽管有倍化,但重组的证据.
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