生殖系致病性DROSHA变体与松芽细胞瘤和威尔姆斯瘤倾向性相关
Peter N Fiorica1, Lisa Golmard2,3, Jung Kim4
1Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.
概括
生殖系DROSHA致病变体与儿科松芽细胞瘤和威尔姆斯瘤有关,建立了一个新的癌症倾向综合征. 这些发现表明瘤中的特定miRNA处理变化影响了临床管理.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和基因组学 遗传学和基因组学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 德罗沙,DGCR8和DICER1是微RNA (miRNA) 生物发生的关键调节者.
- 众所周知,DGCR8和DICER1中的生殖系致病变体 (GPV) 导致自体主导瘤倾向.
- 之前没有报告DROSHAGPV与临床表型或癌症倾向之间的相关性.
研究的目的:
- 调查生殖线DROSHA致病变体 (GPV) 的临床意义和人口患病率.
- 为了确定DROSHAGPV是否与特定的癌症类型或临床表型有关.
- 探索DROSHA变体在miRNA生物发生和癌症发展中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自患者的生殖线和瘤样本的全外体序列测序.
- 对大型儿科和成人癌症数据集的分析,以评估生殖线DROSHAGPVs的发生.
- 使用英国生物银行和盖辛格发现EHR队列对人口患病率的调查.
主要成果:
- 鉴定了来自八个家庭的九名患有异性生殖系DROSHAGPV的儿童,主要与松芽细胞瘤 (8/9) 和威尔姆斯瘤 (1/9) 相关.
- 在所有分析的瘤中检测到DROSHA的体质第二次命中,表明双基失活机制.
- 估计胚胎线DROSHA功能丧失变异的流行率在1:3875和1:4843之间,没有证据表明成人癌症风险增加.
结论:
- 这项研究报告了与DROSHA相关的瘤倾向的第一个证据,特别是对于儿科松芽细胞瘤和威尔姆斯瘤.
- 这些发现表明,某些组织可以容忍一般的miRNA损失,因为这些瘤也与DICER1 GPVs有关.
- 德罗莎的GPV状态可能具有临床和预后意义,特别是在miRNA处理改变的1松芽细胞瘤亚型中,因此值得考虑进行遗传测试和监测.
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