在有或没有轻度认知障碍的老年人中,情绪调节的成功
Claire M Growney1, Tabea Springstein2, Tess Wild3
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University.
Psychology and aging
|February 24, 2025
概括
患有轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的老年人可以通过特定的指令有效调节情绪. 在管理负面情绪时,认知分心策略似乎对这个人群特别有益.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 老年人,特别是那些有轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的人,通常会经历情绪健康的下降.
- 在这个人群中,情绪调节 (ER) 过程仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解ER策略对于改善老龄人口的生活质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究特定情绪调节 (ER) 策略指令对年轻成年人,认知正常的老年人 (CN) 和患有MCI的老年人的情绪结果的影响.
- 为了确定教学支持是否可以增强认知障碍的老年人的情感福祉.
- 为了比较认知分心与分离重新评估在不同年龄和认知群体的情绪调节的有效性.
主要方法:
- 对年轻成年人 (21-34),CN老年人 (70-84) 和患有MCI的老年人 (70-84) 进行了基于实验室的ER任务.
- 参与者观看了高兴奋度的负面电影片段,并被指示自发选择ER策略或使用特定策略 (认知分心或独立重新评估).
- 情绪体验,表达和感知成功是通过视频录制和自我报告来衡量的.
主要成果:
- 患有MCI的老年人在受控环境中,在调节负面情绪方面,与年轻人和CN老年人取得了相似的总体成功.
- 与自发策略选择相比,MCI参与者在使用指导策略时表现出减少的情绪表达.
- 患有MCI的老年人从认知分心指令中获益更多,而不是独立的重新评估,报告了更少的负面情绪和更高的感知成功.
结论:
- 认知障碍的老年人可以通过教学支持有效地调节负面情绪.
- 注意部署策略,如认知分心,在管理强烈的负面情绪时,对于患有MCI的老年人来说似乎特别有益.
- 结果表明,定制的ER战略指导可能会提高认知能力下降的老年人群的情感福祉.
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
45
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
45
01:20Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused
44
Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
44
01:20Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
133
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
133
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
95
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
95
01:30Information Processing Approach
29
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
29
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
31
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
31