平衡性能转移取决于平衡训练的特殊性
Alex Rizzato1, Sara Faggian2, Antonio Paoli1
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|February 24, 2025
概括
平衡训练可以提高类似任务的性能,但并不能将其推广到所有挑战. 平衡的改善是具体的任务,取决于训练有素和未训练有素任务之间的功能相似性.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
- 应用生理学应用生理学
背景情况:
- 平衡训练对于预防跌倒和改善功能性移动性至关重要.
- 了解平衡培训适应的特异性和可转移性对于优化干预至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,平衡训练可以导致特定任务的改进,但转移到未经训练的任务的程度仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查易 (EL) 不稳定板的训练是否转移到硬 (HL) 不稳定板和意外扰动任务.
- 通过使用非线性压力中心 (CoP) 分析,检查平衡训练诱导的姿势控制适应.
- 为了确定任务的特异性和平衡训练对表现和神经肌肉控制的影响的可转移性.
主要方法:
- 34名受试者被分为训练组 (TR) 和控制组 (CTRL).
- 在4周的平衡训练计划之前 (T0) 和之后 (T1) 评估平衡.
- 测量包括EL和HL不稳定板上的平衡性能 (全,细,总平衡),基于扰动的任务,以及评估神经肌肉控制的非线性COP分析 (SDA,SampEn).
主要成果:
- 特朗普集团在EL和HL板块的余额表现显著改善.
- 在TR组中,早期COP对扰动的反应有所改善.
- 非线性分析显示,在训练有素的任务中,平衡控制的自动性和效率提高了,并且有部分转移到功能上类似的任务中.
结论:
- 平衡训练诱导任务特定的适应,在功能上类似的任务之间发生转移.
- 在训练期间学习的姿势策略显示,对不同任务的转移有限,例如意想不到的干扰.
- 这些发现强调了有针对性的测试和培训方法的重要性,以最大限度地发挥平衡干预措施的好处.
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