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助听器非使用者和中年后长期使用者的听力值和认知功能之间的关系

Takanori Nishiyama^1,2, Tomomi Kimizuka^1,2, Chinatsu Kataoka^1,2

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

|February 24, 2025

概括

在55岁以上的非助听器用户中,超过38.75 dB HL的听力损失与认知能力下降有关. 长期使用助听器的人没有显示出这种关联,这表明助听器的使用可能会减轻认知风险.

科学领域:

听力学听力学是指听力学.
神经科学是一个神经科学.
老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

听力损失在老年人中很普遍,可能会影响认知功能.
听力损失的确切程度需要助听器 (HA) 干预以防止认知衰退仍然不清楚.
了解HA非使用者与长期使用者的听力值和认知状态之间的关系对于公共卫生至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查55岁及以上的个体中听力损失严重程度与认知功能之间的关联.
为了比较助听器非使用者和长期使用助听器的认知功能.
为了确定非使用者的认知障碍潜在的听力值切断值.

主要方法:

一项涉及117名听力损失 (平均值≥25 dB HL) 的参与者 (≥55岁) 的横截面研究.
参与者被分为非使用者 (n=55) 和长期使用者 (n=62).
认知功能使用迷你心理状态检查和符号数字模式测试 (SDMT) 进行评估;听力值通过纯色调和声场听力测量进行测量.

主要成果:

听力值高于38.75dB的非使用者,与较低的SDMT分数有显著的关联 (P=0.01).
非使用者的平均听力水平为40.83 ± 8.16 dB HL,长期使用者的平均听力水平为51.13 ± 14.80 dB HL.
在长期使用HA的患者中,听力值和认知功能之间没有显著的关联.

结论:

在不使用助听器的老年人中,超过38.75dB的听力损失与认知功能受损有关.
长期使用助听器可能会减轻听力损失和认知表现之间的负面关系.
对于与年龄相关的听力损失,使用助听器进行早期干预可能是保持认知健康的策略.

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