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在COVID-19之前,期间和之后的百日咳
1Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France. Camille.locht@pasteur-lille.fr.
EMBO molecular medicine
|February 24, 2025
概括
由于免疫力下降和疫苗限制,全球百日咳正在复苏. 像活体减弱BPZE1这样的新型疫苗可能会更好地保护人们免受Bordetella pertussis感染和传播.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 百日咳 (百日咳) 在COVID-19大流行后在全球范围内出现了显著的复苏,扭转了与大流行相关的社交距离期间观察到的下降趋势.
- 在大流行前,许多地区的百日咳发病率已经在增加,特别是在使用非细胞性百日咳疫苗 (aP) 而不是全细胞疫苗 (wP) 的国家.
- 导致 pertussis 爆发的因素包括 Bordetella pertussis 菌株适应以逃避疫苗诱导的免疫力,疫苗接种后免疫力迅速减弱,以及当前疫苗无法预防感染和传播.
研究的目的:
- 审查控制当前的挑战,包括现有疫苗的局限性.
- 突出新型疫苗策略的潜力,以更全面地预防百日咳.
- 引入活体减弱BPZE1疫苗作为未来百日咳控制的有希望的候选人.
主要方法:
- 关于百日咳发病率趋势的流行病学数据的审查.
- 分析导致疫苗无效和疾病复发的因素.
- 评估当前和新兴的百日咳控制策略,包括孕产妇疫苗接种和新型候选疫苗.
主要成果:
- 与全细胞疫苗 (wP) 相比,非细胞性百日咳疫苗 (aP) 在预防感染和传播方面有效性降低.
- 免疫力下降和细菌适应是百日咳复发的关键驱动因素.
- 母亲接种疫苗有效地保护新生儿免受严重 pertussis,但不会防止感染或传播.
结论:
- 目前的百日咳疫苗不足以阻止疾病的传播.
- 能够预防感染和传播的新型疫苗对于最终控制百日咳至关重要.
- 活体减弱的BPZE1疫苗显示出在百日咳预防方面具有改变局面的潜力,提供了超越疾病预防的承诺,包括感染和传播封锁.
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