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印度猪种群的多个化中心

Shailesh Desai¹, Prajjval Pratap Singh¹, Rudra Kumar Pandey¹

¹Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.

Genome biology and evolution

|February 25, 2025

概括

印度猪表现出复杂的起源,有证据表明大约5000年前,在北印度有一个独立的化事件. 另一种血统后来从亚洲抵达,与越南有关的岛屿猪.

科学领域:

动物遗传学动物遗传学
考古遗传学考古遗传学
进化生物学进化生物学

背景情况:

猪化是人类历史上的一个关键事件,印度被认为是一个潜在的化中心.
之前的研究缺乏高分辨率的遗传数据,特别是印度猪的完整线粒基因组.
需要对印度猪的遗传根源和化历史进行系统的调查.

研究的目的:

用线粒体遗传数据调查印度猪的起源和进化.
用高分辨率的遗传洞察来补充现有的考古数据.
通过使用全球数据集来确定印度猪品种的遗传状况.

主要方法:

分析印度猪品种可用的线粒体DNA (线粒体基因组) 数据.
整合一个包含239个完整线粒基因组的全球数据集.
使用贝叶斯式和最大概率树方法进行遗传学分析.

主要成果:

在印度猪中识别了至少八个不同的哈普洛组,从三个主要分支中分离出来.
发现两个地理上仅限于印度的哈普洛组,表明当地化.
证据表明北印度有独立的化事件 (约5000年前) 和亚洲血统后来抵达印度东北部.

结论:

北印度农民可能独立养了当地野猪,形成了一个独特的国内血统.
最近,一个独特的家养猪血统进入印度,主要是在东北地区,岛屿人口与越南有关.
这些发现突出了印度猪养的复杂,多层次的历史,受到当地事件和外部迁移的影响.

关键词:

印度次大陆印度次大陆野猪野猪野猪野猪野猪化化化化移民移民迁移迁移猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪

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