抗微生物药物使用法规与美国监测系统的牛沙门氏菌分离物中敏感性增加有关
Claudia Cobo-Angel1, Maya Craig2, Marwan Osman3
1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.
One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|February 25, 2025
概括
美国限制在牛群中使用抗微生物药物的法规似乎减少了沙门氏菌的抗微生物耐药性 (AMR). 从2012年到2022年的数据显示,对大多数药物的敏感性增加,在2017年后有更大的改善. 这表明对AMR的政策影响.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球卫生当局倡导减少对食用动物的抗微生物药物的使用.
- 2012年和2017年的美国监管行动限制了畜牧业的抗微生物药物使用.
- 食品生产动物的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国法规对牛抗菌剂使用的影响.
- 为了分析沙门氏菌抗微生物耐药性模式在牛后调节的变化.
- 评估监管行动与沙门氏菌AMR趋势之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 来自国家抗微生物耐药性监测系统 (NARMS) 的18627个牛沙门氏菌分离物的AMR敏感性模式的分析.
- 使用后勤回归来模型隔离易感性.
- 采用间隔审查的加速失效时间 (AFT) 模型来分析随时间和血清型的最小抑制度 (MIC).
主要成果:
- 与2012年之前的水平相比,沙门氏菌对大多数抗微生物药物的敏感性在2013-2017年和2018-2022年之间增加,后期增加更大.
- 对于大多数抗微生物药物,最小抑制度 (MIC) 降低,除了氨基醇和 gentamicin.
- 与其他类型相比,Typhimurium,Newport和Dublin血清型的敏感性较低. 对于阿齐思罗米辛 (99%),西普洛素,珍塔米辛和三甲胺-硫甲醇 (98%) 观察到的敏感性最高.
结论:
- 美国对抗微生物药物使用的限制似乎与牛中的沙门氏菌抗微生物耐药性降低有关.
- 该研究表明,在监管变化之后,沙门氏菌易感性呈现积极趋势.
- 虽然时间是一个令人困惑的因素,但研究结果表明,政策干预可以影响牲畜中的抗菌素耐药性.
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