哈马丹省结核病相关指标趋势的变化使用2011年至2022年结合点回归方法
Faezeh Ghasemi1,2, Jalal Poorolajal1,3, Salman Khazaei1,4
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Journal of research in health sciences
|February 25, 2025
概括
在哈马丹省,结核病 (TB) 发病率,特别是涂抹阳性肺结核病 (SPPT) 和肺外结核病 (EPT),已经下降. 然而,女性结核病复发率正在增加,突出了针对性公共卫生干预的领域.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病趋势 传染病趋势
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是全球和特定地区的重大公共卫生挑战.
- 了解结核病指数的长期趋势对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
- 哈马丹省长期的结核病数据需要分析以确定流行病学转变.
研究的目的:
- 调查2011年至2022年哈马丹省关键结核病指标的长期趋势.
- 通过分析特定的人口和临床趋势,确定结核病控制工作中的现有差距.
- 为改进针对结核病的公共卫生战略提供数据驱动的见解.
主要方法:
- 采用基于注册表的横截面研究设计.
- 分析了10个结核病指标,包括发病率,并发病率,复发率,转化率,死亡率和诊断率,按性别分层.
- 结点回归建模用于分析趋势,计算年度百分比变化 (APC) 和平均年度百分比变化 (AAPC).
主要成果:
- 在女性中,涂抹阳性肺结核 (SPPT) 的发生率显示出显著下降趋势 (AAPC: -7.72%).
- 肺外结核 (EPT) 的发生率和治疗成功率在男性和女性中显著下降.
- 在女性中观察到结核病复发率的显著上升趋势 (AAPC:18.45%).
结论:
- 哈马丹省结核病的流行病学概况显示,一些指标的趋势普遍有利,SPPT和EPT的数量有所下降.
- 女性中复发率的增加需要特别注意和有针对性的干预措施.
- 持续监测和战略规划对于全面的结核病控制至关重要.
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