自闭症和/或ADHD成年人的食物选择性和饮食困难
Sarah C Bayoumi1,2, Ashley Halkett1, Meghan Miller2
1University of California, Berkeley, USA.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|February 25, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的成年人经历了显著的饮食困难. 这些挑战与自闭症特征,感官敏感性和多动-冲动性有关,需要临床关注.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 营养精神病学 营养精神病学
背景情况:
- 在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童中,饮食困难很常见.
- 这些挑战可能会持续到成年期,但ADHD成年人的机制和患病率尚未得到充分研究.
- 对于患有自闭症,多动症或并发症的成年人所经历的特定饮食困难,人们知之甚少.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较成年人群的饮食困难:自闭症,多动症,自闭症/多动症和神经类型对照.
- 在这些成年人群中确定整体饮食病理和食物选择性的预测因素.
- 阐明自闭症特征,ADHD症状和饮食行为之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及961名成年人 (19-57岁) 自我报告诊断状态 (自闭症,多动症,自闭症/多动症,对照) 的横截面研究.
- 使用了自我报告调查,包括瑞典自闭症饮食评估 (SWEAA) 和食物偏好问卷.
- 进行了统计分析,以比较饮食困难,并确定预测因素.
主要成果:
- 与所有其他群体相比,自闭症成年人,有或没有ADHD,报告的整体饮食困难明显更高.
- 食物选择性与坚持相同性,自闭症特征和感官敏感性有关,但与过度活跃-冲动性相反.
- 总的饮食困难与坚持相同性,自闭症特征,食物选择性和过度活跃-冲动性相关.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的成年人,特别是那些同时患有多动症和多动症的成年人,经历了相当大的饮食困难.
- 坚持相同性和感官敏感性是自闭症成年人食物选择性的关键预测因素.
- 这些发现凸显了对自闭症和多动症多动症患者饮食困难的临床关注的需要.
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