对于听力障碍儿童的早期干预 - - 从政策到实践:综合性审查
Luisa Petrocchi-Bartal1, Katijah Khoza-Shangase1, Amisha Kanji1
1Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Humanities, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
Audiology research
|February 25, 2025
概括
评估早期干预 (EI) 和早期教育 (EE) 对6岁及以下的听力受损/d/聋/听力障碍 (HI/D/HH) 儿童的政策至关重要. 考虑当地需求的自下而上的方法可以改善政策的实施,特别是在低至中等收入国家.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 世卫组织早期干预 (EI) 指南的全球采用情况各不相同.
- 对EI和早期教育 (EE) 的政策转化需要评估,特别是在LMIC环境中.
- 南非的情况凸显出需要敏感的政策评估.
研究的目的:
- 探索关于政府针对EI和EE的特定听力政策的应用的证据.
- 专注于6岁及以下的听力受损/d/聋人/听力障碍 (HI/D/HH) 的儿童.
- 识别政策实施中的差距.
主要方法:
- 对同行评审文章的综合性审查 (2014-2024年).
- 搜索了四个数据库和谷歌学者.
- 演主题的定性主题分析.
主要成果:
- 包括26项研究;确定了6个主题:EI时间,EHDI/EI机制,EI服务,EE,家庭考虑和政策.
- 只有五项研究直接研究了EI/EE政策在实践中.
- 政策的现实化需要基础设施和家庭考虑.
结论:
- 以基层考虑的自下而上的方法可以改善EI/EE政策的实施.
- 这些发现对于像南非这样的LMIC来说至关重要.
- 对HI/D/HH儿童的EI/EE政策的审查对于调整至关重要.
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