探索人工智能在重症监护护理中的应用:一个系统审查
Elena Porcellato1, Corrado Lanera2, Honoria Ocagli2
1Laboratory of Studies and Evidence Based Nursing, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy)
|February 25, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在重症监护护理方面表现有前途,利用各种数据进行研究和决策. 然而,研究异质性限制了对AI的最终结论.
科学领域:
- 临界护理护理重症监护护理
- 人工智能在医疗保健中的应用.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地融入医疗保健,影响诊断,治疗和预测分析等领域.
- 人工智能改善患者治疗结果的潜力在重症监护环境中尤为显著.
- 本综述侧重于人工智能在重症监护护理中的当前应用.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估人工智能 (AI) 在重症监护护理当前的应用.
- 确定在重症护理护理研究中使用的AI技术和数据源的类型.
- 分析人工智能在重症监护护理中的应用所涉及的健康结果.
主要方法:
- 在PROSPERO (CRD42024545955) 注册的系统审查,并按照PRISMA指南进行.
- 在主要数据库中进行全面的文献搜索:MEDLINE/PubMed,SCOPUS,CINAHL和Web of Science.
- 包括标准适用于最初确定的1364篇文章,导致24项研究进行分析.
主要成果:
- 使用了各种人工智能技术,包括经典模型,机器学习,深度学习和生成人工智能.
- 分析的健康结果包括术后并发症,ICU管理,分组,压力损伤,败血症,痴呆症和不良事件预测.
- 研究主要使用结构化电子健康记录数据 (生命体检,实验室) 和非结构化数据 (护理笔记,病史),其中一些包含音频数据.
结论:
- 人工智能在重症监护护理方面具有巨大的潜力,有助于研究和临床决策.
- 人工智能技术和目标的多样性需要仔细选择模型.
- 审查研究中的异质性限制了对人工智能有效性的最终结论;未来的研究应该优先考虑对护理敏感结果的干预研究.
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