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确定中国湖泊生态系统中生物多样性保护的关键土地使用门
Huiyu Xie1,2,3, Xiaowei Jin2, Wenpan Li2
1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Environmental science & technology
|February 25, 2025
概括
城市土地使用对淡水湖的生物多样性构成重大威胁,并确定了关键的生态值. 宏观无脊椎动物群体的城市影响比农业用地更为明显.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 淡水生物学 淡水生物学
背景情况:
- 水生生物多样性丧失是一个日益关注的问题,特别是在发展中国家,需要可持续的土地利用规划.
- 了解土地使用对淡水湖的影响的生态门对于环境保护至关重要.
- 之前的研究记录了水生动物群体的空间变化,但缺乏对土地利用影响的精确值.
研究的目的:
- 调查土地利用对淡水湖泊生态系统的影响的生态值.
- 通过使用各种生态指标,评估宏观无脊椎动物社区对当地土地使用模式的反应.
- 开发一种用于土地使用强度的新型指标,并预测湖泊的生态变化.
主要方法:
- 研究了6个受人类活动影响的中国淡水湖 (2019-2020年).
- 利用宏无脊椎动物群体作为生物指标,分析分类学和功能多样性,污染耐受性和水质.
- 应用了使用圆形和风扇形缓冲器的空间分析,并开发了非生态与生态土地比率 (NEL/EL).
主要成果:
- 宏观无脊椎动物的组成有很大的变化,受污染耐受的种类占据了城市化,环保的湖泊的主导地位.
- 地社区对城市用地 (2-10%) 的敏感性高于农业用地 (15-40%).
- 生态变化在湖1-5公里范围内最明显;NEL/EL比率有效预测了这些变化.
结论:
- 城市土地覆盖是影响湖泊生态系统的最有害因素.
- 对于不同类型的湖泊,确定了特定的土地使用强度值,特别是对于城市地区.
- 研究结果强调需要有针对性的土地利用规划来保护淡水生物多样性.
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