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一种重组蛋白质疫苗诱导了对SARS-CoV-2 JN.1和XBB系子变种的保护性免疫力

Jingyun Yang¹, Weiqi Hong¹, Huashan Shi¹

¹Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy

|February 25, 2025

概括

一种针对XBB.1.5亚型的新型COVID-19疫苗,RBD_XBB.1.5-HR,有效地增强了对JN.1等Omicron亚型的中和抗体,提供了有前途的保护.

科学领域:

病毒学和免疫学病毒学和免疫学
疫苗开发疫苗开发
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

新兴的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚型 (XBB,JN.1) 呈现出免疫逃避,导致突破性感染.
从以前的感染/疫苗接种中获得的免疫印记可以减少新亚变体的中和.
针对当前亚型的下一代COVID-19疫苗至关重要.

研究的目的:

开发和评估一种新型重组蛋白质疫苗 (RBD_XBB.1.5-HR) 来对抗Omicron亚型.
评估RBD_XBB.1.5-HR疫苗的免疫性和保护功效.
调查其作为现有COVID-19疫苗接种方案的助推剂的潜力.

主要方法:

通过连接RBD,HR1和HR2序列,生成一个自我组装的三元重组蛋白 (RBD_XBB.1.5-HR).
重组蛋白的辅助作用,诱导幽默和细胞免疫反应.
评估对Omicron亚型 (包括JN.1) 的中和和,以及对活体OmicronEG.5.1病毒的保护.
对免疫记忆反应 (GC B,Tfh,MBC,LLPC) 和接种疫苗的个体的安全性/免疫性进行评估.

主要成果:

辅助RBD_XBB.1.5-HR诱导了强大的幽默和细胞免疫力,与JN.1和其他Omicron亚变体的升级中和.
疫苗引起了强大的抗原特异性T记忆细胞,生殖中心B细胞,T毛囊辅助细胞,记忆B细胞和长寿血细胞.
RBD_XBB.1.5-HR在异质原始增强方案中显示了增强效应,并提供了对活体Omicron EG.5.1病毒的保护.
单价疫苗显示出良好的安全性和免疫性,在之前接种疫苗的人群中显著增加了针对JN.1和XBB亚型的中和抗体.

结论:

RBD_XBB.1.5-HR疫苗是下一代COVID-19疫苗的一个有希望的候选人.
它有效地引起广泛的中和抗体和针对当前循环的Omicron亚型的细胞免疫力.
这种疫苗显示出对保护人口免受SARS-CoV-2变异的临床潜力.

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