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新生儿和母亲的饮食干预措施驱动了小猪肠区的微生物群和功能
Dirkjan Schokker1,2, Mariëlle H van den Esker3, Alex Bossers3
1Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands. dirkjan.schokker@wur.nl.
Scientific reports
|February 25, 2025
概括
在断奶前给小猪施用中链脂肪酸 (MCFA),β-葡萄糖 (BG) 和银寡糖 (GOS) 等料添加剂会对肠道健康产生影响. 产妇或新生儿的服用途径显著影响了这些肠道健康干预措施的结果和有效性.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 肠道健康 肠道健康
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 早期的肠道健康对小猪的发育和表现至关重要.
- 传统的料添加剂管理发生在断奶后,可能缺少关键的发育窗口.
- 给药方式 (孕产妇与新生儿) 对肠道功能的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较母乳 (哺乳料) 与新生儿 (口服料) 料添加剂对小猪肠功能的影响.
- 研究中链脂肪酸 (MCFA),β-葡萄糖 (BG) 和银-寡糖 (GOS) 对肠道健康标志物的影响.
- 为了确定不同料添加剂在生命早期小猪的最佳施用途径.
主要方法:
- 在母猪中对MCFA,BG和GOS进行母婴和新生儿施用途径的比较.
- 在不同时间点分析肠道微生物多样性 (α和β多样性).
- 差异基因表达 (DEG) 分析以评估肠道中的分子反应.
- 路径丰富分析以确定受影响的生物过程.
主要成果:
- 母亲使用MCFA改变了与免疫过程和新陈代谢相关的α多样性和基因表达.
- 新生儿MCFA的使用主要影响与细胞粘附相关的基因.
- 在比较给药途径时,观察到多样性和基因表达的显著差异,MCFA显示出更明显的差异性反应.
- BG和GOS还诱导了与新陈代谢和免疫信号相关的独特基因表达模式,这取决于给药途径.
结论:
- 料添加剂的类型和施用途径都显著影响小猪肠功能.
- 与BG和GOS相比,MCFA基于给药途径表现出更复杂和差异化的反应.
- 确定最佳的施用途径对于最大限度地提高年轻猪的营养干预措施的益处至关重要.
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