高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练对健康老年人执行功能的急性影响
Shirko Ahmadi1,2,3, Mathieu Bélanger4,5, Myles W O'Brien5,6
1Vitalité Health Network, Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada. shirko.ahmadi@usherbrooke.ca.
Scientific reports
|February 25, 2025
概括
高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 在老年人中显著改善执行功能,特别是切换能力,比中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 更多. 在这个人群中,简短的HIIT训练似乎更有效地提高了认知能力.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 执行功能对于日常生活至关重要,可以通过体力活动来增强.
- 众所周知,高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 和中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 都有利于执行功能.
- 对于HIIT和MICT对老年人执行功能的比较急性影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查HIIT与MICT对健康老年人执行功能组件的直接影响.
- 为了比较急性HIIT和MICT协议对这一人口群体认知表现的有效性.
主要方法:
- 25名健康的老年人接受了三个会议:基线认知测试和分级运动测试,然后随机的HIIT或MICT协议.
- 认知评估包括Stroop任务 (命名,抑制,切换).
- 运动方案包括HIIT (15秒高强度,15秒休息,2x20分钟) 或MICT (34分钟在60%的峰值功率输出),认知测试在运动后立即和45分钟进行.
主要成果:
- 在MICT和HIIT之间的切换反应时间中观察到显著的差异.
- 与MICT相比,HIIT在运动后45分钟的切换反应时间中表现出更大的减少 (p=0.019).
- 效果大小表明,HIIT对执行功能的益处更明显.
结论:
- 与中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 相比,急性高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 在改善老年人的执行功能,特别是切换方面具有更大的效果.
- 在老年人群中,短暂的高强度运动可能是增强执行功能的更有效策略.
- 这些发现支持HIIT用于老年人的认知健康干预.
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