北苏丹青少年中抑郁和焦虑:一项基于学校的跨部门研究
Ahmed A Hassan1, Maysoon B Idrees1, Abdullah Al-Nafeesah2
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum P.O. Box 102, Sudan.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|February 26, 2025
概括
青少年的心理健康是一个全球性的问题. 在北苏丹,10名青少年中有1名患有抑郁症或焦虑症,女性更容易患抑郁症和与焦虑症相关的贫血/家族病史.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年医学 青少年医学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 青少年心理健康问题,包括抑郁和焦虑,是全球重大公共卫生挑战.
- 关于苏丹青少年中抑郁和焦虑的患病率和相关因素的数据有限.
- 这项研究通过调查北苏丹的这些心理健康状况来解决数据缺口.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定北苏丹青少年中抑郁和焦虑的患病率.
- 在这个人群中确定与抑郁和焦虑相关的因素.
- 为苏丹青少年提供有针对性的心理健康干预信息.
主要方法:
- 在苏丹尼罗河州阿尔马塔玛 (Almatamah) 进行了一项基于学校的横截面研究 (2022年8月至9月).
- 通过面对面调查问卷收集的数据包括社会人口统计和临床信息.
- 抑郁症和焦虑症分别使用患者健康问卷 (PHQ-9) 和一般焦虑障碍 (GAD-7) 工具进行评估.
主要成果:
- 患病率:8.1%的青少年有中度至重度抑郁 (PHQ-9分数≥10);4.4%有中度至重度焦虑 (GAD-7分数≥10).
- 抑郁症因素:女性性别 (AOR=5.35) 和焦虑 (AOR=25.98) 与抑郁症的几率增加有显著联系.
- 焦虑因素:有精神障碍 (AOR=6.31),贫血 (AOR=3.95) 和抑郁症 (AOR=29.03) 的家族病史与焦虑的可能性增加有关.
结论:
- 北苏丹约有10%的青少年患有抑郁症,焦虑症或两者兼而有之.
- 女青少年面临更高的抑郁风险,而家族病史和贫血是焦虑的关键因素.
- 建议包括基于学校的综合心理健康教育,营养支持,以及为青少年福祉的社区干预措施.
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