通过腺病毒对IRE1α-XBP1信号的动态调节
1Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
概括
腺病毒血清型5 (HAdV5) 通过激活IRE1α,但阻止XBP1s的产生来操纵未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR). 这种病毒策略逃避宿主防御,突出了感染期间复杂的UPR控制.
科学领域:
- 细胞应激反应细胞应激反应
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 病毒感染引发宿主细胞应激反应,包括未折叠蛋白质反应 (UPR).
- UPR的目的是恢复蛋白质稳态,涉及信号通路,如需要内醇的酶类型1 (IRE1α) 和X盒结合蛋白1 (XBP1).
- 已知腺病毒血清型5 (HAdV5) 激活了UPR,之前的研究表明IRE1α-XBP1活性有助于病毒复制.
研究的目的:
- 研究HAdV5与UPR的IRE1α-XBP1轴相互作用的精确机制.
- 阐明HAdV5对IRE1α激活和XBP1s产生的对立作用.
- 了解瘤抑制剂p53在HAdV5感染期间调节UPR中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在HAdV5感染细胞中分析IRE1α激活和XBP1s产生.
- 研究HAdV5介导的p53降解对IRE1α信号传递的影响.
- 利用分子生物学技术研究UPR通路调制.
主要成果:
- HAdV5激活IRE1α,但同时阻止XBP1s异型的转录后生成.
- 瘤抑制剂p53抑制了IRE1α的激活,其被HAdV5降解导致IRE1α去抑制.
- 在抑制XBP1s的同时,HAdV5选择了IRE1α信号,这表明了复杂的病毒逃避策略.
结论:
- HAdV5采用相反的策略来控制UPR,激活IRE1α,同时抑制XBP1s.
- p53,IRE1α和XBP1s之间的相互作用代表了HAdV5感染期间细胞命运的关键战场.
- 了解这些病毒操纵机制,可以了解宿主-病原体相互作用和UPR调节.
相关概念视频
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.4K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.4K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
5.1K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.1K
Leaky Scanning
5.1K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.1K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.5K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.5K
The Unfolded Protein Response
4.4K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
4.4K
Experimental RNAi
6.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.0K


