高致病性禽流感A/H5Nx病毒在禽类和小鼠模型中的致病性
Sara H Mahmoud1,2, Marwa S Khattab3, Nahed Yehia4
1Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses (CSEIV), National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
概括
新出现的高度致病性禽流感 (HPAI) H5N8/2022和H5N1/2022在小鼠中显示出比较老的H5N1/2016菌株更低的致病性. 持续监测对于针对不断演变的HPAI病毒的适应性控制策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
背景情况:
- 高致病性禽流感 (HPAI) 病毒不断演变,对动物和公众健康构成重大威胁.
- 了解新出现的HPAI菌株的致病性对于有效的疾病控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较新出现的H5N1/2022和H5N8/2022 (clade 2.3.4.4b) 的致病特征,与之前在埃及流传的H5N1/2016 (clade 2.2.1.2) 进行比较.
- 在鸟类和小鼠模型中评估病毒分泌,传播和疾病进展.
主要方法:
- 用不同的HPAI菌株对和小鼠进行鼻腔内接种.
- 评估死亡率,病毒分泌 (EID50),接触传播,体重减轻和器官病毒复制.
- 感染组织的组织病理学分析.
主要成果:
- 所有菌株在中造成了100%的死亡率;H5N8/2022呈现出更高的病毒分泌率.
- 接触传输率为2.3.4.4b类的50%和2.2.1.2.2类的100%.
- 在小鼠中,H5N1/2016导致80%的死亡率,而H5N8/2022和H5N1/2022分别导致60%和40%的死亡率,其中H5N1/2016显示出最严重的组织病理病变.
结论:
- 新出现的H5N8/2022和H5N1/2022菌株与较旧的H5N1/2016菌株相比,在哺乳动物模型中显示病原性降低.
- 研究结果强调需要持续的监测和适应性策略来管理不断演变的HPAI病毒.
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