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大西洋鱼中的PRV-1病毒性受宿主基因型的影响

Mark Polinski¹, Lynden Gross², David Groman³

¹U.S. Department of Agriculture National Coldwater Marine Aquaculture Center, Orono, ME 04473, USA.

|February 26, 2025

概括

大西洋鱼的心脏和骨肌肉炎症 (HSMI) 是由 piscine orthoreovirus (PRV-1) 引起的. 主体遗传学,而不仅仅是病毒菌株,显著影响疾病严重程度,提供了减少HSMI影响的潜力.

科学领域:

水产养殖是水产养殖的一种方式.
鱼类病理学鱼类病理学
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

心脏和骨肌肉炎症 (HSMI) 显著影响挪威的大西洋鱼产量,由 piscine orthoreovirus 基因型 1 (PRV-1) 引起.
据怀疑,HSMI疾病严重程度的区域差异源于PRV-1菌株的遗传差异.

研究的目的:

调查PRV-1分离物和大西洋鱼宿主基因对HSMI疾病结果的影响.
为了确定病毒分离物或宿主基因型是HSMI疾病变异中更重要的因素.

主要方法:

使用三个不同的PRV-1分离物 (两个PRV-1a,一个PRV-1b) 进行了受控的实验室注射挑战.
来自三种不同种群 (苏格兰,加拿大西部和新不伦瑞克) 的大西洋鱼被用PRV-1分离物挑战.
评估了病毒复制,宿主反应和心脏炎症严重程度,以比较疾病结果.

主要成果:

在PRV-1分离物和大西洋鱼种群中观察到疾病结局的显著差异.
大西洋鱼种群影响了心脏炎症的严重程度,无论使用的PRV-1分离物.
与加拿大西部和苏格兰鱼相比,新不伦瑞克鱼的心脏炎症较少,这表明宿主遗传效应.

结论:

单独存在特定的PRV-1基因型 (PRV-1a或PRV-1b) 无法可靠地预测HSMI疾病的严重程度.
大西洋鱼宿主基因型在调节HSMI疾病严重程度方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
了解宿主遗传因素为减轻水产养殖中HSMI疾病影响提供了潜在的战略.

关键词:

大西洋三文鱼大西洋三文鱼基因型基因型基因型实验室疾病的挑战鱼类甲状病毒病毒 (PRV)毒性毒性是一种毒性.

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