相关实验视频
Updated: May 25, 2025

06:50
Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices
Published on: July 1, 2016
7.5K
跑和,就像一个加法注入的马兰戈尼游泳者一样
Pampa Dey1, Abhishek Thakur1, Aarsh Chotalia1
1Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India. 194123020@iitb.ac.in.
Soft matter
|February 26, 2025
概括
研究人员开发了一种自主无生命的游泳者,表现出跑--休息运动,模仿细菌的策略. 这种新型的活性粒子利用自生成的表面张力梯度来进行随机运动,从而增强了搜索过程.
科学领域:
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
- 活动物质物理学 活动物质物理学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 运行和倒 (RT) 运动对于细菌搜索效率至关重要.
- 非生命活性粒子通常需要外部刺激来进行RT运动.
- RT 运动与"休息"状态相结合在自主无生命系统中尚未实现.
研究的目的:
- 设计和研究一种能够跑步,倒和休息的无人游泳者.
- 探索自我生成的表面张力梯度在驱动这种运动中的作用.
- 分析这种新型活性粒子的统计性质和运输动态.
主要方法:
- 一个自行游泳者的实验设计.
- 对游泳者轨迹的分析,以量化在跑步,落和休息状态中的停留时间统计.
- 计算平均平方位移的计算,以描述运动动态.
- 开发一个最小的奇拉活跃布朗粒子模型用于模拟.
主要成果:
- 设计的游泳者在跑步,倒和休息状态之间表现出随机过渡.
- 自生成的局部表面张力梯度被认为是唯一的驱动力.
- 观察到"休息"和""状态比"运行"状态更频繁.
- 短时间尺度上的弹道运动过渡到较慢的扩散由于休息/的状态.
- 使用经过验证的最小模型进行的模拟显示了与实验数据的良好一致.
结论:
- 自主无生命活性粒子可以通过自生成的梯度实现运行-翻转-休息运动.
- 这种行为模仿生物策略,并为增强搜索和运输提供了潜力.
- 开发的模型为理解和预测这些活跃系统的动态提供了一个框架.
相关概念视频
Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies
1.2K
In fluid mechanics, buoyancy and stability are key concepts for understanding the behavior of submerged and floating bodies. When a stationary body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts a force on the body known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically upward through a point called the center of buoyancy, which is the center of the displaced fluid volume. According to Archimedes' principle, the magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid...
1.2K
Fluid Movement Between Compartments
444
The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
444
Accelerating Fluids
992
When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
992
Actin Treadmilling
7.9K
Actin filaments undergo polymerization and depolymerization from either end. The polymerization and depolymerization rates depend on the cytosolic concentration of free G-actins. The polymerization rate is generally higher at the plus or barbed end, while the depolymerization rate is higher at the minus or pointed end. At a steady state, critical concentration describes the concentration of free G-actin monomers at which the polymerization rate at the plus end is equal to that of the...
7.9K
Gradually Varying Flow
30
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
30
Buoyancy
9.1K
When an object is placed in a fluid, it either floats or sinks. All objects in a fluid experience a buoyant force. For example, a metal ball sinks, while a rubber ball floats. Similarly, a submarine can sink and float by adjusting its buoyancy. The concept of buoyancy raises several interesting questions. For instance, where does this buoyant force come from? How much buoyant force is required to make an object sink or float? Do objects that sink get any support at all from the...
9.1K

