基于深度学习的LDL-C水平预测和可解释的AI解释
1Department of Electronics and Automation, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye.
Computers in biology and medicine
|February 26, 2025
概括
深度学习模型准确地预测低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 水平,优于传统公式. 循环神经网络 (RNN) 和长期短期记忆 (LSTM) 模型对临床应用特别有希望.
科学领域:
- 生物医学信息学 生物医学信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 心血管疾病风险评估心血管疾病风险评估
背景情况:
- 准确预测低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 对心血管疾病风险评估至关重要.
- 传统的LDL-C估计公式在准确性上有局限性.
- 深度学习 (DL) 模型为改善预测能力提供了潜力.
研究的目的:
- 研究深度学习模型对预测LDL-C水平的有效性.
- 将DL模型的性能与传统的LDL-C公式和机器学习模型进行比较.
- 使用LIME探索DL模型预测的可解释性.
主要方法:
- 利用深度学习模型,包括卷积神经网络 (CNN),循环神经网络 (RNN) 和长短期记忆 (LSTM).
- 采用了来自纽约长老会医院/威尔康奈尔医学中心的数据集,包括甘油三 (TG),总胆固醇 (TC) 和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-C).
- 将DL模型性能与传统方法 (桑普森,马丁方程) 和传统机器学习 (ML) 模型进行比较. 使用局部可解释的模型不可知解释 (LIME) 来实现模型的可解释性.
主要成果:
- 与传统公式相比,深度学习模型在LDL-C预测中表现出更高的准确性.
- 与其他DL模型和传统方程相比,RNN和LSTM模型表现出卓越的性能.
- DL模型提供了更接近ML模型的结果,表明强大的预测能力.
- LIME分析提供了对DL模型决策的见解,尽管需要比ML模型更多的计算力度.
结论:
- 深度学习模型比传统方法更有效地预测LDL-C水平.
- 该研究强调了RNN和LSTM模型在临床环境中准确估计LDL-C的潜力.
- 研究结果支持使用DL模型来改善心血管疾病风险评估和治疗规划.
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