创造完美的孩子是否意味着强制执行或拆除规范性的性别刻板印象? 来自互动虚拟基因工程展览的证据
Niklas A Döbler1, Claus-Christian Carbon1
1Department of General Psychology and Methodology, University of Bamberg, Germany; Research Group EPÆG (Ergonomics, Psychological Aesthetics, Gestalt), Germany; Bamberg Graduate School of Affective and Cognitive Sciences (BaGrACS), University of Bamberg, Germany.
Acta psychologica
|February 26, 2025
概括
基因工程可能反映了性别刻板印象,父母设计孩子符合或抵消规范. 一项对虚拟儿童的研究显示出混合的结果,表明在遗传偏好中既有强化趋势,也有平等设计趋势.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 人类遗传学 人类遗传学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 人类遗传工程是一个正在发展中的领域,具有重大社会影响.
- 性别刻板印象影响社会对行为和特征的期望.
- 基因工程和性别规范性的交集在很大程度上是未被探索的.
研究的目的:
- 调查性别刻板印象可能影响人类基因工程应用的程度.
- 探索设计基因工程儿童的潜在动机,以符合或反对当代性别刻板印象.
主要方法:
- 来自互动博物馆展览的大型数据集 (13,641名虚拟儿童) 的分析.
- 参观者设计了他们的"完美孩子",允许研究人格特征和能力的偏好.
- 检查设计特征的性别依赖差异,包括像Big-5这样的个性,智力,音乐性,创造力和运动性.
主要成果:
- 有证据表明,在虚拟儿童的设计中,性别刻板印象的加强和对抗.
- 男孩被设计成具有较低的敏感性和更高的运动性,与刻板印象保持一致,而社交性等特征显示没有差异.
- 蓄意的性别选择和其他因素的影响影响了特征设计的方向,强度和确定性.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了初步证据,表明基因工程儿童可能体现了性别规范性.
- 观察到的设计模式表明,加强现有的刻板印象和促进平等主义理想之间存在复杂的相互作用.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清由于研究的生态环境和方法限制的解释.
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