当肺部入侵时:对鸟类脑后骨气动性的一项审查
Andrew J Moore1, Emma R Schachner2
1Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center,101 Nicolls Road, Level 4, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8081, USA.
概括
鸟类的脑后骨性气动性 (PSP) 涉及来自呼吸系统的充满空气的骨腔. 本综述综合了关于PSP的知识.
科学领域:
- 鸟类生物学 鸟类生物学
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学
- 古生物学的古生物学
背景情况:
- 鸟类在头骨后骨内拥有独特的充满空气的空腔,这种现象被称为头骨后骨气动性 (PSP).
- 这些骨内腔源于呼吸系统,特别是气囊或肺部.
- 尽管进行了广泛的研究,但PSP的基本方面仍然不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于脑后骨气动性 (PSP) 的功能和进化意义的知识.
- 审查从解剖学,发育,生物力学和古生物学研究的见解.
- 通过使用先进的成像和计算方法,展示一只鸟的子中的气动化空间的试点模型.
主要方法:
- 混合审查综合了跨多个科学学科的现有文献.
- 分析现有数据,重新评估气动鸟类与无气动鸟类的骨质量.
- 微计算机断层扫描 (micro-CT) 扫描和基于深度学习的细分用于模拟*Anas platyrhynchos* (马拉德) 骨中的气动化空间.
主要成果:
- 证实,气动鸟类骨与无气动鸟类骨相比,其质量并没有减轻重量.
- 假设气动骨可能相对于体积轻,需要进一步的经验测试.
- 开发了马拉德子中的气动化空间的试点模型,使量化比较分析成为可能.
结论:
- 脑后骨气动性 (PSP) 是一种复杂的鸟类特征,具有重要的功能和进化影响.
- 目前对PSP发育起源和细胞机制的理解是有限的.
- 未来的研究应该优先研究气动化背后的细胞和发育过程.
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