日本梅毒病例增加:对血液服务构成风险
H Suzuki1, N H Tsuno1,2, K Kitsukawa1
1Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Vox sanguinis
|February 26, 2025
概括
梅毒感染在日本献血者中增加,尽管比一般人口的增长速度慢. 这种增加,特别是在年轻和新献血者中,会影响未来的血液供应,因为永久推迟.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
背景情况:
- 日本经历了梅毒的激增,在2022年有超过1万例,主要是通过异性传播.
- 日本红十字会血液服务局 (JRCBS) 选血献血,推迟阳性献血者以确保血液安全.
研究的目的:
- 分析日本献血者中梅毒感染的趋势.
- 评估梅毒发病率上升对血液采集和捐献者可用性的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析2015年至2022年间来自JRCBS的献血者数据.
- 使用化学发光免疫测试测试Treponema pallidum (TP) 抗体的检测.
- 用快速血试剂 (RPR) 测试确认反应性样本.
主要成果:
- 献血者中梅毒阳性病例从2015年到2022年增加了1.7倍,而一般人群增加了4.9倍.
- 在2022年,在20-39岁的年轻男性首次/重新活化捐赠者和女性中发现了梅毒率的上升.
- 与普通人群不同的是,在COVID-19大流行期间,献血者中梅毒阳性率并没有显著下降.
结论:
- 献血者梅毒的增加反映了一般人口的趋势,但以较低的速度.
- 虽然血液产品的安全性不太可能受到影响,但年轻和新献血者的患病率不断增加,由于永久推迟,这对血液供应构成了重大未来风险.
- 有效的公共卫生战略对于制梅毒在一般人群中传播至关重要.
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