低收入和中等收入国家的心力衰竭
Irina Mbanze1,2, Timothy F Spracklen2,3, Neusa Jessen4
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Maputo Central Hospital, Maputo, Mozambique.
Heart (British Cardiac Society)
|February 26, 2025
概括
心力衰竭 (HF) 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 提出了独特的挑战,患者年轻,资源有限. 这篇评论详细介绍了HF的细节.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 心力衰竭 (HF) 显著影响全球的发病率,死亡率,生活质量和医疗保健成本.
- 高收入国家由于管理的进步,导致HF发病率和死亡率降低.
- 低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 面临着一个不同的HF场景,数据稀缺,诊断有限,以及医疗保健准入问题.
研究的目的:
- 从低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的角度全面描述心力衰竭 (HF) 的负担.
- 要总结LMICs中HF的主要特有病因.
- 讨论LMIC卫生系统的挑战,并为弱势群体提出有效的干预措施.
主要方法:
- 对低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 心力衰竭 (HF) 的最新可用数据的审查.
- 综合了有关HF流行病学,病因和LMIC患者人口统计的信息.
- 对医疗保健系统挑战和潜在干预措施的分析.
主要成果:
- 在LMIC的患者往往在年轻时出现更晚期的心力衰竭 (HF),女性患病率更高.
- 在LMIC中HF的特有原因包括高血压,心肌病,风湿性心脏病,艾滋病毒相关心脏病和内心肌纤维化.
- 由于有限的数据,诊断工具,医疗保健负担能力以及存在的风险因素和传染病的同时存在,存在重大挑战.
结论:
- 与高收入国家相比,心力衰竭 (HF) 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 构成了实质性和独特的负担.
- 解决LMICs中HF需要了解特定区域的原因,并克服系统性医疗保健挑战.
- 有针对性的干预措施对于改善弱势群体的治疗结果至关重要,这些弱势群体受到了LMIC中心力衰竭的影响.
相关概念视频
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.5K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.5K
01:26Imbalances in Cardiac Output
1.3K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.3K
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
370
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
370
01:22Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics
332
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
332
01:22Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers
308
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
308
01:17Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview
1.1K
Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
1.1K